Print Newspapers Are Becoming A Thing Of The Past - 933 Words

INTRODUCTION In today’s world, technology is present in every facet of our lives. The media is no exception. Print newspapers are becoming a thing of the past, with new digital, online news taking its place. This change in how we get our news comes with both advantages and drawbacks. While some may prefer printed news, there’s no denying the news is slower and has less ability to change. And while digital articles are quicker to publish and allow for user comments they can sometimes be less accurate when initially printed. However, as society adapts to this new technology, it’s clear that print newspapers are becoming less and less popular and are being replaced (Grabowicz,). ANALYSIS Speed One of the most significant changes is how quickly people are able to access new information. With the internet, people can view new articles as soon as they are written and posted. This can put some added pressure on journalists to print articles as quickly as possible, lest their story become ‘old news’. It’s also making people expect to see the absolute newest news in their print based news. This is evident in Chris Elliot’s article where he says people expected to see news of the Paris attacks in their newspapers the next day, even though those papers had already been printed (Elliot, ). The ability to quickly bring people information is also a huge benefit. With the internet ever present in our lives, people can access the information they need in seconds. With twitter now a commonShow MoreRelatedNegatives And Negatives Of Print1495 Words   |  6 PagesThe future of print communication lies within the direction of where print media is currently heading, digital. With that being said, print will never die; there will always be people who want to physically hold a book, a magazine, or a newspaper. Although it is not presumptuous to assume that the amount of print will decrease, it will however continue to live for decades to come. Print history will always have a crucial aspect in the linear advancements of technology. There are many ways to lookRead MoreIs Print Media Dead?1138 Words   |  5 PagesPage 1 Is Print Media Dead? Is print media dead? This has been an ongoing debate for over 15 years. Obviously, print media is becoming less necessary, but not altogether obsolete. Although, some people say it is not, the majority agree that digital is the future. According to Strategy Analytics, print media advertising revenues come in third overall, which is far behind digital media. The same report projects that as digital advertising continues to grow, print media ad revenue will declineRead MoreThe Revenue Picture For American Journalism1651 Words   |  7 Pagestotal d. 1% total comes from Personal wealth, philanthropy 2. The Old and the New a. 58% combined digital and print ads i. Decline 2005: $49 billion (and 82% of total newspaper revenue) b. For-profit digital news outlets i. The Huffington Post, Vice Media, Buzzfeed, Gawker 1. 1% to 2% of all news ad revenue 3. Shift in Balance of News Revenue a. Other ways of paying for news are becoming more evident i. Events, digital marketing services, e-commerce, content licensing and even commercial printingRead MoreLanguage As A Medium Of Communication957 Words   |  4 Pagesaudience of in a form of Newspapers built bridge for progress and upliftment of a country. The rapid expansion of the Internet was accompanied by a newspaper revolution. Growth in technology and the importing of new printing equipment meant that it was becoming commercially viable for newspapers to be printed in a variety of regional languages rather than predominantly either in Hindi or English. The availability of newspapers in different languages has meant that India’s newspaper market appeals to millionsRead MoreAustralia s Current Broadcasting Services1501 Words   |  7 Pagescontaining that of television, radio and print media, consisting of newspapers and magazines, with two distinct regions, metropolitan based on largely capital cities along the southeast coast of Australia such as Sydney and regional areas located in remote inland parts of Australia with a clear distinction between commercial, profit driven product and non for profit, solely community invested based. Australia’s media landscape, has had well over the past century a direct concentration of ownershipRead MoreBiography of Fredrick Douglass1294 Words   |  5 Pagesequality. Fredrick Douglass arguably had the greatest impact on American society, especially African American society, in the nineteenth century. Douglass is credited as being an abolitionist, author, editor, and diplomat. He used literature, books, newspapers, and even speeches, to leave a long lasting mark on our society. Douglass advised presidents and lectured to thousands about different causes, including women’s rights. A cause he felt a strong connection with was the abolishing of slavery, beingRead MoreCan A Small Business Keep Up Within Society Today?1354 Words   |  6 Pagesshopping can be difficult, but O’Henry’s is continuing to make money because of offering the broader variety of clothing, investing in advanced technology for graphic design, and utilizing social media. One difference between O’Henry’s now than in the past would be the the type of merchandise they have to offer. When the business first opened in the small town of Cresco, Iowa, the owners, Phil Henry and Jackie Lickteig, were just like every other new business. They were new to everything, and it becameRead MoreThe Mass Media Invasion1516 Words   |  7 PagesMedia Invasion Mass media means media where a large number of people can access the main media such as newspaper, tv, and the internet. The purpose of mass media is to provide information, entertainment and advertising. Mass media are classified as electronic media and print media. Electronic media include movies, the internet, radio, and television. Print media include magazines, journals and newspapers. Today, communication in the mass media plays an important role in the shaping individual opinionsRead MoreMedia s Impact On The Media1007 Words   |  5 Pagesother institutions, including government and business. And the public’s impression of the national media may be influenced more by their opinions of cable news outlets rather than their views of other news sources, such as network or local TV news, newspapers or internet news outlets. What the PEW Research Center have found is that when people are asked what first comes to mind when they think of â€Å"news organizations,† mos t people name a cable news outlet, with CNN and Fox News receiving the most mentionsRead MoreThe Journalism And Strategic Communications Careers935 Words   |  4 PagesSince I was small, I have always had a secret dream of becoming an anchorwoman to read and report the news to the audience. Unfortunately, my dream did not become a reality when I had to choose a career in business. Until taking this class, my knowledge about journalism was very limited. However, I am glad that I have a chance to explore a vast area of careers in journalism area. Since I am specifically interested in business, a career in business reporting sparked my interest among other journalism

International Conference Green Urbanism Essay - 2095 Words

International Conference – Green Urbanism, GU 2016 Aggregated granular Arundo Donax L. through integration between algorithm-driven design and sustainable fabrication systems May A.Malek Ali a , Aly Magdyb, Ahmed Elsherifc, Rana Hishamd, Mohamed Osamae a Assistant Professor, Faculty of fine Arts, Alexandria University, Alexandria,21619, Egypt b Researcher, Faculty of fine Arts, Alexandria University, Alexandria,21619, Egypt c Demonstrator, Researching Staff, Pharos University, Alexandria,21649, Egypt d Demonstrator, Researching Staff, Pharos University, Alexandria,21649, Egypt e Demonstrator, Researching Staff, Pharos University, Alexandria,21649, Egypt Abstract The imperative integration between sustainability and complex three-dimensional constructional principles would embrace the inherent structural framework of such complex geometries, thus developing the construction of lightweight ecological structures. The study addresses the development of a non-uniform body from Arundo Donax L. stalks’ environmental behaviour. This stream would particularly be applied through traditional and computational algorithm-driven design strategy generating complex interactions of elements for achieving sustainable and computational frameworks systems. The proposal addresses the problem of developing a sustainable agenda for innovative green environments, through investigating the application of aggregation processes into creative environmental, architectural approaches and sustainableShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesand Adam McKeown 9 †¢ 2 Twentieth-Century Urbanization: In Search of an Urban Paradigm for an Urban World †¢ Howard Spodek 53 3 Women in the Twentieth-Century World Bonnie G. Smith 83 4 The Gendering of Human Rights in the International Systems of Law in the Twentieth Century †¢ Jean H. Quataert 116 5 The Impact of the Two World Wars in a Century of Violence †¢ John H. Morrow Jr. 161 6 Locating the United States in Twentieth-Century World History †¢ Carl J. Guarneri

Knowledge Is Generated Through Creative And Critical Thinking

Name: Mamno Kengne Hyldie Sofiane Class: DP1 A Teacher: Mr. Abah Mendi George Date: 21st October 2016 Subject: Theory of Knowledge Exercise: Mid-term exam Title: â€Å"Knowledge is generated trough the interaction of critical and creative thinking† Discuss. Total number of words: 1107 Title: Knowledge is generated through the interaction of critical and creative thinking† Discuss. Knowledge Question: How do we know that knowledge can be generated through creative and critical thinking? Aspects of Knowledge that I am going to relate my Knowledge Question with: History, Reason and Sense Perception. THE BODY How do we know that knowledge can be generated through creative and critical thinking? Thesis: While looking at Sense Perception, History and Reason, we will see that knowledge can be generated through the interaction of critical and creative thinking. Knowledge can be generated or produced through critical and creative thinking because it uses reasoning. History can equally be seen as one of the points as why knowledge can be generated through critical and creative thinking because, in History, we have knowledge about important past events and before having this knowledge about what happened in the past, we must first of all know how to be creative that is; you should have the ability to make new things and you should also know how to analyze what happened critically that is; was is good or bad? In your opinions, do you think that what happened was god or do youShow MoreRelatedTok Essay Knowledge Is Generated Through the Interaction of Critical and Creative Thinking. Evaluate This Statement in Two Areas of Knowledge.1460 Words   |  6 PagesKnowledge is generated through the interaction of critical and creative thinking. Evaluate this statement in two areas of knowledge. The way knowledge is generated is different among the various areas of knowledge, but the way we gain knowledge requires thinking, thought processes, and this may be either critical or creative. The two areas of knowledge I will be addressing are Natural sciences and the arts. The definition of critical thinking is to â€Å"judge† and thus implies the use of logicalRead More The interaction of critical and creative thinking1522 Words   |  7 Pagesforms of thinking, including critical and creative thinking, in order to form a hypothesis, analyze the data, and then come to a conclusion regarding results and my hypothesis. While knowledge can be formed through the interaction of critical and creative thinking, such as in my physics experiments, the statement given in the title implies that knowledge is solely generated through the interaction of critical and creative thinking. I intend to demonstrate that knowledge can be generated in otherRead MoreCreative and Critical Think ing Essay1254 Words   |  6 PagesKnowledge is generated through critical and creative thinking. Creative thinking is something new or original that is created with value. Critical thinking is a type of thinking that questions assumptions and validates or invalidates a current belief or something that is said to be previously true. Knowledge is created through the culmination of generally accepted assumptions and creativity. How do you separate general assumptions and creativity? These two types of thinking can be easily separatedRead MoreEssay on Mathematics and Art 1574 Words   |  7 PagesMathematics and art are two areas of knowledge that demonstrate different degrees of interaction between critical and creative thinking. Whether considering mathematics or art, creative thinking evaluates a new or original idea containing some degree of value. Critical thinking examines assumptions and challenges a current belief or theory that has previously assumed to be true. Although general assumptions and creativity may be considered separately when considering extreme examples of concreteRead MoreCritical Thinking1715 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿KENYATTA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL: HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM DEPARTMENT: TOURISM UNIT CODE: UCU 103 UNIT TITLE: INTRODUCTION TO CREATIVE AND CRITICAL THINKING GROUP MEMBERS NAMES: REG.NO. CONTACTS SIGN GEOFFREY A.G T12S/8705/2013 0728812037 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. PETER WAMBUI T12S/19590/2013 0726581625 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. ROSE WACHIRA T12S/21534/2013 0717236599 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... NASSIUMA PURITY T12S/21394/2013 0702057789 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... RADHI OLANG’O T12S/19632/2013 0704290026 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ CHEMUTAI DAISY T12S/19632/2013 0702645207Read MoreWhy Are Employers Making These Comments? Essay986 Words   |  4 PagesHaving read this week s assigned materials, and having a clear understanding of what is meant by critical thinking, why are employers making these comments? Upon reading about critical thinking skills and researching what others are saying about newly graduated students entering the workforce I would say that the reason that employers are making these comments is because the graduates lack creativity in their fields. The reason I say that is because the skill set that students rely on to graduateRead MoreExplain the Role of Computer Systems in Different Environments1017 Words   |  5 Pages |Suggested evidence | |(M1) |Relevant theories and techniques have been applied. |Apply and analyse detailed knowledge and skills, using relevant theories | |Identify and apply extensive research methods and | |and techniques learned on the course. Read MoreMCKI Assignment1508 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Assessment Assignment Assignment front sheet Qualification Unit number and title Pearson BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Creative Media Production Unit 16: MANAGING COMMUNICATIONS KNOWLEDGE INFORMATION Student name Assessor name FESTUS EDOBOR Date issued Completion date Submitted on 05/11/2014 Assignment title Assignment: MANAGING COMMUNICATIONS KNOWLEDGE INFORMATION I certify that the work submitted for this assignment is my own and research sources are fully acknowledged. Read MoreCreative Concepts Of Creative Ideas1420 Words   |  6 PagesHow does a creative idea come to one? Where does it come from and why does it occur? We, as human race, have been asking these questions for centuries. (Tanner Christensen, 2013). Creative ideas are the result of a wide-ranged experimentation on the part of our subconscious. These brilliant life-changing ideas are generated, bizarrely truthful, inside us which are strengthened and created by our experiences and thoughts. The brain desires to come up with innovative thoughts. All businesses and individualsRead MoreThe Advancement Of Social Media1487 Words   |  6 Pagesthe relevant sectors in human development. Not ignoring their general effect, the complexity of technology as outlined by different scholars has generated a vast need to enhance social rules in order to ensure that sufficient information is distributed in the respective sector that is technology dependent. Nevertheless, technology has not only generated positive perceptions, overdependence on technology has been countered with major negative and unlikely responses that extend to diminishing and further

The Importance Of Acquiring Ben Revere From The Phillies...

As of this writing, the Orioles find themselves 6.5 games out of first place in the AL East and 2.5 games out of the second wild card spot, with no other team currently in front of them. However, nearly the rest of the American League is in a similar situation, with only a total of four teams being more than 5 games behind the Twins. Even though the standings could look very different by the time the trade deadline arrives, the Orioles have recently stated (again) that they will be buying at the deadline. As the title suggests, this article will focus on the idea that acquiring Ben Revere from the Phillies would help the Orioles. Admittedly, the post would have probably been more appropriate last week, prior to Baltimore getting swept by†¦show more content†¦After all, corner outfield positions are associated with power hitting†¦power hitters who don’t have to play defense all that well to justify a spot in the lineup. By contrast, Revere is a 27-year-old outfielder listed at 5’9† and 170 lbs on the Phillies website (so consider him slightly less in both regards) who has a reputation of being a slap-hitting speedster with a weak outfield arm. That reputation is justifiable, as Revere has a career ISO of .053 and 3 home runs in over 2,400 plate appearances. However, if one only looks at the paltry power numbers, the bigger picture is being missed. That bigger picture is that Ben Revere is a league average hitter in 2015 who has contributed 1.9 wins abo ve replacement in approximately half a year’s worth of plate appearances. Revere is currently sporting a triple slash line of .302/.340/.381, which is good for a 101 wRC+, which would put him behind only Adam Jones and Nolan Reimold among Orioles outfielders, although Reimold has only accumulated 67 PAs (I’m considering Chris Davis a first baseman here). Yes, his offensive production is largely dependent on batting average, which makes his acquisition a little riskier, but he’s been very consistent over the last 3 years, as the table shows. Revere isn’t necessarily another platoon player either, something of which the Orioles have plenty. While he’s had trouble against left-handers in 2015 (58 wRC+ in 92 PAs), he’s actually hit better

Case Study for project management- chapter1-3 free essay sample

Relay race approach has its good idea to conduct first a study of what the consumers’ desires before getting into the decisions of making a new project or product to determine the needs of the customers. But, having this approach is much suitable for local projects. In the other hand is the Cross- functional approach. Cross functional approach is ideal to a large project especially if the project is getting worldwide. This approach needs to hire experts’ people to build a team for the departments. With this, the success of the project can exceed from the expectation. But, failure of the project has its big chances if the department or team was not united. (b)In my own evaluation, I think it is the relay race approach. Because for me it is much better to have a not so small project successful than having a large project with a big lost of yours if you failed. 2. It is the Swedish company who has more power while less power was on Aaronside. 3. Yes. It is because cross- functional approach requires hiring expert people to build a team for a certain project. 4. I think it is because of the fact that VPs want to make the major decision by themselves without the consulting to the members. Additionally, VPs request to the members to bring only the necessary information and come up to that kind of decision without asking for any opinion or approval from the members as respect to their presence. 5. Yes. Because it is not right to tolerate such things. CASE: Cocable Inc. Jovana Riddle Answers 1. The advantage to the Cocable case is that the company was open for a change to improve their company. Additionally, the employees were trained to the extent of their capabilities to work at Cocable for the continues development of the company. But introducing project management to new product development can lead to difficulties in the part of the company especially on the employees. The company would provide money on the trainings and increase their annual expenses. Taking this risk also can’t give them an assurance to the progress of Cocable Inc. CASE: A RobustArm Global Industries’ Sledgehammer Dragan Z. Milosevic, Peerasit Patanakul, and Sabin Srivannaboon Answers 1. The SPM process is very important to the company because it push them to the top as they receive the Baldridge award. That moment turns to the non-stop changing for their company’s improvement. Employees were also proud being them part of the company and boost them to do their best to work with the company which was a global multi-million-dollar business. 2. The RGB was on the right way in developing SPM process. They strictly follow the steps and phases of SPM which direct them for good results perhaps developing this process need more money and can results to reunited team because SPM promotes equal opportunities to all team members to become boss. CASE: Another Trojan Horse Stevan Jovanovic Answers 1. First of all I would like to say that it was an inspiring event in history of project management. I learned that It really takes time to have a complete and successful project. It matters to follow steps and never skip on every phases that the project needed. Trojan Nuclear Plant proved that waiting is worth. The team of John were patiently making the project into smaller division until Trojan Nuclear Plant achieved its best CASE: Call a Truck Dragan Z. Milosevic, Peerasit Patanakul, and Savin Srivannaboo Answers 1. CAT, Inc. 2. James, the new elected CEO of CAT, Inc. made a vision that pertains to the changes of the company that opens it to the world of technology probably with the use of computer. CAT, Inc likely got its new-look to the public. It gets bigger and better. It provides the customers (drivers) convenient and satisfactory services to meet their needs that the other company can’t provide. 3. Project management plays as their guide to established changes in the company. It provides them processes to a smooth flow of their projects. CASE: The Project Hand- off Method Dragan Z. Milosevic, Russ J. Martinelli, and James M. Waddell Answers 1. Yes, there are multiple project managers in control of the project as it progressed through the development life cycle. With them, the management of the project was accomplished through a project management model. Hence, a project manager with the functional expertise specific to the phase of development the product was currently in assumed ownership of the project. 2. Yes, because it was clearly stated there that hand-off method of development is usually in smaller, less mature, and technically the companies focused into it although the true project management value is not well understood. 3. Hand- off method is projects by definition are finite,(pros) their impact should continue after they have been completed. (cons)The consequence (If not), one may question what the point of the project was in the first place. Many projects roll themselves into operations. The company should now be using the information or system that resulted from the project. A transitional period will often take team members directly from the project into their roles in the daily operations of the company. Chapter 2 CULTURAL ASPECTS OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT CASE: Engineering Culture at Beck Dragan Z. Milosevic, Peerasit Patanakul, and Sabin Srivannaboon Answers 1. Definitions of culture mentioned in the case: Engineers pride – the habit of calling their selves â€Å"engineers†, which they are. â€Å"Run to the end† – the first priority was securing new business, and a concern for producing a product at times fell through cracks. Designers to cost (cost to design) – this approach implies that engineers first design the product, then they figure out the price, which the customer may consider overly high. Customer centric – is being able to help translate what customer’s precisely want of the product design. 2. What I want is Beck’s culture is that having that â€Å"Customer centric† approach. It is good to know that this kind of culture can able to translate the customer’s wants. With this, they can provide a better service for the customer. CASE: The Jamming Dragan Z. Milosevic, Peerasit Patanakul, and Sabin Srivannaboon Answers 1. The jamming approach work well in the 2nd scenario. It was defined there as â€Å"cohesive† which shows unity in spite of differences in cultures but showcasing each expertise to contribute in the project to meet success. 2. According in the situation, (pros) the jamming is a fine method to be used in a team. Success of the project is possible like shown in scenario 2. It has a good effect if only the members would have a very good harmony working together. In addition, its plasticity may be such great asset to multicultural project managers that many of them view it as ideal in the development of culturally responsive project management strategy like what they saying â€Å"two heads are better than one†. Meaning having different cultures is like having different evaluator that probably become the asset of the company . But like what the case define,(cons) Jamming’s basic design may not be in tune with all cultures and may not even be appropriate for the execution by teams composed of members with varying levels of competency in other people’s project management scripts. Jamming is possible also for an â€Å"overpersonalization† of relationship between the project manager and the counterpart, characterized by high emotional involvement, loss of touch with and ignorance of other team members, and reluctance to delegate. Chapter 3 PROJECT MANAGEMENT PROCESSES CASE: Special Session Sabin Srivannaboon Answers 1. The project management processes mentioned in the case is the project initiating, planning, executing, monitoring and controlling, and closing process groups. 2. I think it is the monitoring and controlling which is themost challenging among the rest of the processes because as it was define, Monitoring is collecting, recording, and reporting information concerning all aspects of the project performance that the project manager or others in the organization wish to know while controlling uses the data supplied by monitoring to bring actual performance into approximate equivalence with planned performance. This process groups are very essen tial in terms of supplying and collecting information because of the fact that failure in this process will probably a failure in the whole project. 3. They are related because they are both fundamental in project management. Without the five processes in project management there will be no knowledge areas. Therefore, project management is just another process of those knowledge areas. 4. My understanding about termination by starvation was it is the big loss of the fundamental resources to flee from the problem. CASE: Waterfall Software Development Osman Osman Answers 1. The advantage of waterfall is that it has a discipline enforced: every phase has a defined start and end point, and progress can be conclusively identified by both vendor and client. It reduces wastage of time, effort and neither risk of schedule slippage nor the expectation of the consumer not being met. This methodology was somehow unrealistic and unsuitable for the vagaries of the world. Thus, attaining the customer needs, estimating time and costs with accuracy is definitely difficult to achieve. Therefore, waterfall methodology is best suitable for projects which are stable and assuring the customer needs at the first stage to reduce conflict. 2. For me, I will directly clear on creating the phases. Creating steps which are not essential to the project should be terminated to reduce time consuming and can delay to the progress of the project. 3. Yes I agree with his way to solve the problems because he consider all the aspects and people involved before making any decision or actions to avoid the same problem with the involvement of Sam and Jason regarding the incorrect implementation of development phase. CASE: Extreme Programming Mani Ambalan Answers 1. Extreme Programming is a methodology which was software or project management methodology that promotes simplicity and agility. This methodology is applicable also in non- software development processes in the fact that it eases the task of every individual performing a particular activity in an organization. 2. For the part of the organization it is expected to be difficult for them to adapt on the modern changes from their traditional way. Conversely, for the sake of the organizations development they need to cope in the growing needs of the market and in order to do they need to embrace changes in the organization. With this methodology, it will help the organization to uplift from traditional to modern ways to attain the same goal. 3. What I like in this methodology is that it’s characteristic that promotes simplicity and agility within the organization. In addition, it will probably help the organization in the growing demands in the market. CASE: Do You ZBB? Rabah Kamis Answers 1. ZZB stands for Zero Base Budgeting. Its primary principle is to help employers or departments to get started with their priorities, project costs, and identify which projects will get funding and support. Therefore, they are the one who give focus on what is essential to manage the inadequate resources and to minimize time. 2. The ZZB benefit the company by letting their employees to create their own ZZB line. They let the customers, peers, and other business partner to communicate with them for other modifications or changes. Also, it gives the boss the opportunity to concur or ask for the modification from the employee. 3. For me the disadvantage of ZZB is that it can delay the progress of the project because of its repeated periodically. Which some individuals have weekly ZZB list while others have quarterly ZZB lists that can cause conflict in time management of the project.

Greece Essay Example For Students

Greece Essay Art Culture There are few places in the world with so rich and diverse an artistic and cultural history as Greece. In terms of archeology there are artifacts that are 200,000 years old, while architecturally Greece boasts Minoan and Dorian ruins dating back almost four millennia. Greece is also where drama originated, so there are plenty of ancient theatres to pick your way through Museums Greece is bursting at the seams with museums. Almost every single city, town, village, historical site, settlement and hole in the hedge has an archeological museum which details the archeological and historical significance of its surroundings Historical Sites There is certainly no shortage of these in Greece. Every city has their own specialties, like the Acropolis and the Ancient Agora in Athens, the Oracle at Delphi, the Palace of the Grand Masters in Rhodes Town, and so on. There are far too many to list here. It is suggested you get hold of a tourist map from the Greek Tourist Organization (EOT) which sets out all the ancient, Byzantine and medieval sites throughout the country. But some of the major historical sites you should make a special effort to see are listed below: The Acropolis, Athens The Ancient Agora, Athens The Byzantine monument of Nea Msni on Chios The Polycrates Wall and Eupalinos Tunnel at Pithagorio, Samos The Oracle at Delphi The Minoan palace city of Knossos, Crete The ruins of Gsrtyn, Crete Minoan ruined city at Phestss, Crete Arch of Galerius, Thessalon?ki The White Tower, Thessalon?ki The Sanctuary of Isis, at D?on. Dafn? Monastery, Greeces largest Byzantine monastery Met?ora Monasteries, perched on mountain outcrops, in Kalabaka Climate Greece is perfect for those who enjoy the sun, as for over two thirds of the year the country basks under clear, sunny skies. Temperatures do vary, however. Winters are mild and rainy, with temperatures sometimes dropping to freezing point, especially in the north. Summers are long and dry, with extremes of 37C (99F), making the yearly mean temperature about 17C (63F). For those not overly fond of the heat, the mountainous areas offer some respite as they receive more rain in summer, and even snow in winter. Rainfall figures vary, depending on the region. Thessaly is very dry, receiving around 38mm (1. 5in). Portions of the western coast paint a different picture, however, receiving about 1,270mm (50in) of rain. Greece can be divided into the northern and southern climatic regions: Northern Greece Northern Macedonia and the northern part of Epiros have a climate similar to the Balkans, with freezing winters and very hot, humid summers. Atticas peninsula, the Southern Aegean Islands and the central and eastern Peloponnese have a typically Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and milder winters. Snow covers the highest mountains during the winter, while the temperatures soar to 40C (104F) during July and August. During these months the meltemi, a strong northerly wind, sweeps the eastern coast of mainland Greece and the Aegean islands. The areas more to the south and to the west do not experience the meltemi. Southern Greece Crete stays warm the longest you can swim off its southern coast from mid-April to November. Mid-October is when the rainy seasons starts in most areas, and the weather stays cold and wet until February, although there are also occasional winter days with clear blue skies and sunshine. Money The unit of currency is the drachma (GrD).You will have to deal with coins of 5, 10 (silver), 20, 50 100 GrD (bronze), and notes of 500 (green), 1.000 (brown), 5. .uad26c58fce7b7709951dc9184a80565b , .uad26c58fce7b7709951dc9184a80565b .postImageUrl , .uad26c58fce7b7709951dc9184a80565b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uad26c58fce7b7709951dc9184a80565b , .uad26c58fce7b7709951dc9184a80565b:hover , .uad26c58fce7b7709951dc9184a80565b:visited , .uad26c58fce7b7709951dc9184a80565b:active { border:0!important; } .uad26c58fce7b7709951dc9184a80565b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uad26c58fce7b7709951dc9184a80565b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uad26c58fce7b7709951dc9184a80565b:active , .uad26c58fce7b7709951dc9184a80565b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uad26c58fce7b7709951dc9184a80565b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uad26c58fce7b7709951dc9184a80565b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uad26c58fce7b7709951dc9184a80565b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uad26c58fce7b7709951dc9184a80565b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uad26c58fce7b7709951dc9184a80565b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uad26c58fce7b7709951dc9184a80565b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uad26c58fce7b7709951dc9184a80565b .uad26c58fce7b7709951dc9184a80565b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uad26c58fce7b7709951dc9184a80565b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Comparative law, characteristics of the islamic system Essay000 (blue) and 10.000 GrD (purple). Language The predominant language in Greece is Modern Greek (Demotike), with its origins dating back 3,500 years. English and French are also used as well as, to a lesser degree, German. Tourism is one of the largest trades in Greece, so visitors should get by with a basic understanding of any of these languages. The main problem with a holiday in Greece is that you can feel totally illiterate. The Greek alphabet differs from the Roman one used in most Western countries, and not all street signs are written in both. But here are some useful phrases for you with the phonetic spelling. Geography Greece,

High School Education free essay sample

Education is perhaps the most important endeavor a person can attempt in their life. Studies show those who have a post high school degree of some kind will earn considerably more during their working years than those who don’t. Therefore the many young adults who don’t have a high school degree will be crippled in becoming successful in our workforce. In today’s society this has become a major problem in creating a better country as a whole. The ‘hard times’ that many people may have could be prevented by more preparation and education for the future simply because more education leads to greater success. Our schooling system needs to be confronted in providing a better education so that our children will bloom and create a better, more intelligent nation than today. Dropping out of high school puts people in a extenuating circumstance for the rest of their life. We will write a custom essay sample on High School Education or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Without a high school education it basically cripples you in achieving success for yourself in the future. This widespread of dropouts and failures not only effects themselves but also the world around them by decreasing economic growth. â€Å"Conclusions shows that economic growth is directly related to education in each country. Investing in education rapidly grows economies and raises the average level of employment. † (Breton) Though many classes may seem inapplicable to the work force or a future career, there are skills developed such as group work, critical thinking, and exposure to disciplines that one would not otherwise study offers the potential for personal growth not found in everyday life and experience. This personal growth that is developed only through school proves that everyone must have a high school education. To create a better workforce and way of life I propose to enact federal policies and requirements for our schooling system. These policies would include more financial aid, and imply less inflexibility for high school students. â€Å"The federal role in education is limited. Because of the Tenth amendment, most education policy is decided at the state and local levels. † (Policy Overview) Changing from state to federal would be the first part of my solution. With the change in rule there would also be the policies enacted to ensure a better education. More financial aid would go to the school and students to provide a better education. From this financial you can expect higher teacher salaries, more teaching jobs, and a better learning environment. Implying less inflexibility for high school students could be many things. One would be having no states test to graduate, and instead have comprehensive exams by the school to test the knowledge and skills of their students. Also have the school to use teachers and counselors to be more involved in each students life for the struggles they may be having concerning necessities and school. Our high school education system is clearing not working and needs to be refined. The amount of people being able graduate needs to improve so that our nation as a whole can grow. By using my solution to this problem you can see a much better education system. The State role would be changed, and there would be a completely different education system to ensure everyone people graduate from high school. There would be no student failures, and dropouts from the policies enacted by a federal not state rule. From this you can see higher graduation rates leading to more economic growth for our country. â€Å"America found its growth hormone after the Second World War in the incredible educational success of the GI Bill. †(Bencini) Studies in education have proven that more education and reform leads to economic success and growth. My proposal to this problem would reform and create our society better as a whole, and make a more intelligent or sufficient world than today. Education is perhaps the most important endeavor a person can attempt, and dropping out of high school puts people in a extenuating circumstance for the rest of their life. This leads to less economic growth and higher unemployment rates that deprave our economy. To create a better workforce and way of life I propose to enact federal policies and requirements for our schooling system. This include more financial aid, and more inflexibility towards our school systems. We need to call for our politicians to improve our schooling system because the cause and effects of students not completing school leads to failure and less success. From more education leads to greater success so the key role in our nations future is our youths education. Works Cited

The politics and economics of the European Union

Introduction Political interest in the formation of the European Union started after World War II and was initiated with the unification of the coal and steel industries. The European Union was however officially formed through the signing of the Maastricht Treaty in 1992. Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on The politics and economics of the European Union specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The union is currently composed of 27 states, though there are several other states that hold an interest in joining the union or are involved in the union activities. The diverse number of active member states creates a varied and dynamic political outlook giving the European Union a uniquely transient political structure. Political institutions The authors states in the book that there are four main political institutions in the European Union are the Council of the European Union, the European Commission, the European Council and the European Parliament. These structures do not exclusively fit into the executive, legislature or judiciary models and therefore the European Union has no clearly identifiable government. The institutions are complementary and interdependent and their function is transitory (Jones 105). Democracy According to this book, the vague identity of the political institutions of the European Union according to Jones causes them to lack legitimacy and consequently have little influence on the people (Jones 363). It is therefore difficult to deliver equality among all states and citizens of the European Union, an inherent scenario by default due to political augmentation. The book also indicates that there is also a low information flow to the common citizen, compounded with ignorance and presuppositions of Brussels being a power hungry and bureaucratic center of power. However People enjoy freedom of movement through out the European Union states (Jones 355). Recognition and identity Also illustrated in the book is that the European Union has for a long time suffered from legitimacy deficit. There is no particular orientation in culture or patronage that can be thought of as belonging exclusively to the European Union. The European flag was adopted in 1986, with the 12 stars as a symbol of perfection. The European anthem was adopted in 1972, though most European Union citizens are not aware of it (Jones 359). There is also the standardization of European Union passports where all passports of member states contain the same badges, are of the same color and shape. So far, the passport has not achieved the unity envisaged by the union (Jones 359). The other identifying symbols according to Robert are the euro currency and the driving license.Advertising Looking for critical writing on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Laws and policies So far, the laws and policies applied to the European Union have been successful in varying degrees, mainly due to the fact that almost every state in the European Union bears different opinions on each law and policy. Another reason for the different application of the European Union laws according to the book is because of the lack of a clearly defined judicial mechanism responsible for enforcement. Each state has a different judicial system and this has led to the difference in time and manner in which enforcements has occurred (Jones 383). Membership This has been a sensitive issue regarding both new and existing member states. There are several countries that show keen interest in joining the European Union but acceptance by the union usually requires voting by the European council and a strict vetting process (Jones 395). According to the book, existing members also hold different opinions on the European Union and their participation and allegiance to the European Union is disproportionate. The UK has refused to take up the Euro as their currency, and also fear that they might lose their culture and traditions (Jones 398). There has been an existing difference between quantity and quality measurements which the UK feels they need to retain. Development Also indicated in the book is that, though the Euro is the commonly used currency, not all states are experiencing development at a consistent pace. The Authors of the book note that States like Germany and France hold much of the economic pillars of the European Union and therefore they are accorded budgetary preference. Similarly, individual states have different industrial and agriculture output, meaning that development and funding is more available to other states. To preempt these events from further transpiration, the European Union came up with the Trans-European Networks commonly known as TENs, these high priority programs seek to connect all European Union member states with a single energy, transport, environmental and telecommuni cations infrastructure (Jones 331). The reason why TENs is of such political interest is mainly due to the fact that funding for these programs is from national governments and the private sector rather than the European Union. Justice Stated in the book is the fact that the European Union has no clear defined judicial system; rather individual states hold their own judicial and policing institutions. There is however the formation of the European Union justice and home affairs (JHA) docket that will revolutionize the manner in which judicial issues are handled if implemented. Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on The politics and economics of the European Union specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The JHA seeks to coordinate the police, judiciary migration and custom departments of all European Union states. This will effectively alter the way justice is dispensed and the application of laws (Jones 373). Conc lusion The European Union does indeed have outstanding policy and implementation issues due to the nature of its formation as stated in this book. Member states are not united in their ambitions leading to diverged opinions on almost every policy being implemented. The EU governing institutions are to some extent powerless in their nature since they have a restricted mandate over their primary and secondary functions. There is therefore an urgent need for a political framework that will not only unite institutions but also unite all common people as well. Work Cited Jones, Robert. A. The politics and economics of the European Union: an introductory text. Massachusetts: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2001. This critical writing on The politics and economics of the European Union was written and submitted by user Wra1th to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Jay Ryan Essays - Oily Fish, Fisheries, Ichthyology, Sport Fish

Jay Ryan 3/25/99 American Enterprise: It's Worth Fishing For It was about 10:00 at night when my father enters my room and awakens me to get ready for our over night fishing trip. A long drive was ahead of us so I took the liberty to get some sleep. We finally made it to the boat dock around 11:00 and ended up leaving the harbor around midnight. Once more I had a long trip ahead of me so again I fell asleep. At around 4:00 in the morning I was awakened to the loud clanging of a bell. I had remembered that the captain of the boat had mentioned that if a bell were to sound that all passengers were to report to the deck immediately. The bell was more or likely a sign of boils. Boils were the bubbles in the water created when tuna was swimming around a school of bait. So of course I jumped up and ran with anticipation that we would be fishing so soon. Yet when I finally reached the deck I had found that the captain was merely having a test on how prompt the passengers were. Extremely disappointed and annoyed that first off the captain had that ner ve to wake me and then there weren't any fish, I retreated to my bunk. Once again I was awakened to the sound of a clanging bell. Unsure what the captain had to offer up on the deck I contemplated whether or not I should return to the deck. Remembering that I was adventurer, I took the risk and quickly jumped up, ran up the stairs, and once more was on the deck. This time I was greeted by a very bright sun and quickly ran to get my pole. Upon retrieving my pole I heard some one yell, "Boils off the bow" with out thinking twice I grabbed the anchovy, baited my hook, and dropped the bait over the side of the boat with high hopes that a tuna fish would find it most desirable. Yet time and time again I was unsuccessful. Seeing that everyone else on the boat wasn't having quite as hard of a time as me I was quickly becoming discouraged. Down to one my last anchovies I decided what the heck I might as well give it one more try. Once more I tossed the anchovy over the side of the boat and watched as it suddenly swam out of sight and then instantly my line began to run in a frenzy. Up and down, left and right, and any which way that fish felt he could get away. Feeling the tension on the string I slowly reeled him in. The closer and closer he got the more of a fight he put up. Adrenaline now took over my system. Seeing the fish I became overwhelmed with excitement, don't forget it had taken me about an hour to finally get a bite. With the fish in my grasp the line suddenly snapped. It was so close; it had to have been at least a 10-pound catch. With the excitement of the previous battle going through my mind I wasn't giving up now. My last anchovy, it's my pride, against the survival of a tuna. I ended that day with a 15-pound catch. It had been the largest fish caught on that boat. While sitting in my economics class, we were asked to evaluate the American Enterprise System and compare it to a modern day scenario. Of course my fishing trip stood out like a sore thumb. I then took each part of the trip and analyzed it. First off the false alarm by the captain represents Communism. Communism gets you all excited and wanting to get started yet when you finally arrive you find nothing. A matter of fact you find your self stranded in the middle of darkness wondering why you even got up. The only thing for a citizen under communist power can do is act much like I did and retreat. Now the American Enterprise System is what I awoke to the next morning. You find that skepticism is present and you don't know whether to lay there in bed or get

Essay on SELLING THE PASS HABEAS

Essay on SELLING THE PASS HABEAS Essay on SELLING THE PASS HABEAS CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW Edited by Dominic McGoldrick and Sarah Williams SELLING THE PASS: HABEAS CORPUS, DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS AND THE PROTECTION OF LIBERTY AND SECURITY OF PERSONS DETAINED ABROAD Abstract On 31 October 2012 the Supreme Court of England and Wales handed down its judgment in Rahmatullah v Secretary of State for Foreign Aï ¬â‚¬airs and Secretary of State for Defence [2012] UKSC 48. The case concerns an application for habeas corpus brought by a citizen of Pakistan originally detained by the United Kingdom in Iraq before being transferred into the custody of the United States. Rahmatullah addresses important issues concerning the extraterritorial reach of habeas corpus under English law in respect of persons held in the custody of a foreign State, as well as the international rule of law. The case may be considered a legal victory for persons detained without trial by the US in facilities thought to be beyond the reach of the courts. However, in reality any strength in the arm of the law is drained by the priority given to the conduct of foreign aï ¬â‚¬airs, ‘forbidden territory’ for the courts, over the Court’s ruling and the UK’s obligations under international law. The case is examined in the light of similar jurisprudence from US and Australian courts. Keywords: diplomatic relations, foreign nationals, habeas corpus, international law. I. INTRODUCTION On 31 October 2012 the Supreme Court of England and Wales handed down its judgment in Rahmatullah v Secretary of State for Foreign Aï ¬â‚¬airs and Secretary of State for Defence.1 The case concerns whether a writ of habeas corpus was properly issued against the Secretaries of State with regard to a non-British citizen detained by the United States (US) authorities at Bagram airbase, Afghanistan.2 Mr Rahmatullah (R) had been arrested by the United Kingdom (UK) armed forces in Iraq in 2003 and was subsequently transferred to US custody pursuant to a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between the UK and the US.3 The Court held unanimously that there was 1 Rahmatullah v Secretary of State for Foreign Aï ¬â‚¬airs and Secretary of State for Defence [2012] 3 WLR 1087 (SC(E)) (‘Rahmatullah’). 2 At the time of writing Mr Ramatullah remains in US detention. 3 Rahmatullah (n 1) para 3. The MoU is entitled, ‘An Arrangement for the Transfer of Prisoners of War, Civilian Internees, and Civilian Detainees between the Forces of the United States of America, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and Australia, 23 March 2003.’ The original MoU is unavailable to the author. [ICLQ vol 62, July 2013 pp 727–739] doi:10.1017/S0020589313000225 728 International and Comparative Law Quarterly suï ¬Æ'cient uncertainty as to whether the UK retained control over R’s detention for the court properly to issue the writ and that there was no reason to believe, at the time the writ was issued, that it would not be eï ¬â‚¬ective. However the majority4 held that the Secretaries of State had fulï ¬ lled their duties pursuant to the writ by providing evidence of the US’s refusal to return R upon their request. The writ of habeas corpus sits at the heart of constitutional law.5 It is fundamental to protect the liberty of the individual from the unlawful use of executive power.6 If the detention of a person cannot be legally justiï ¬ ed, they have the right to be released. The court has no discretion to consider matters of public policy.7 In the words of Lord Carnwath and Lady Hale in this case, ‘[t]he strength of habeas corpus is its simplicity’.8 As Lord Kerr explained in the leading judgment, it is a ï ¬â€šexible remedy that has developed over the centuries so that it may be directed not only to the authority that has actual physical custody of the detainee but also to the person or authority that has a reasonable prospect of securing control over the detainee or his production to the court.9 This principle applies whether the detainee is within the jurisdiction of the court or has been

The tragedy, Romeo and Juliet Essay Example

The tragedy, Romeo and Juliet Essay Example The tragedy, Romeo and Juliet Paper The tragedy, Romeo and Juliet Paper so if any one of the audiences was chatting or if they were not paying attention this device will successfully draw them into the story , as they would expect something vital to occur on this day . Also such repetition increases the tension in the plot as well as it adds to the sense of fast moving action.

Battle of Plassey in Indian History

Battle of Plassey in Indian History Battle of Plassey - Conflict Date: The Battle of Plassey was fought June 23, 1757, during the Seven Years War (1756-1763). Armies Commanders British East India Company Colonel Robert Clive3,000 men Nawab of Bengal Siraj Ud DaulahMohan LalMir MadanMir Jafar Ali Khanapprox. 53,000 men Battle of Plassey - Background: While fighting raged in Europe and North America during the French Indian/Seven Years War, it also spilled over to the more faraway outposts of the British and French Empires making the conflict the worlds first global war. In India, the two nations trading interests were represented by the French and British East India Companies. In asserting their power, both organizations built their own military forces and recruited additional sepoy units. In 1756, fighting began in Bengal after both sides began reinforcing their trading stations. This angered the local Nawab, Siraj-ud-Duala, who ordered military preparations to cease. The British refused and in a short time the Nawabs forces had seized the British East India Companys stations, including Calcutta. After taking Fort William in Calcutta, a large number of British prisoners were herded into a tiny prison. Dubbed the Black Hole of Calcutta, many died from heat exhaustion and being smothered. The British East India Company moved quickly to regain its position in Bengal and dispatched forces under Colonel Robert Clive from Madras. The Plassey Campaign: Carried by four ships of line commanded by Vice Admiral Charles Watson, Clives force re-took Calcutta and attacked Hooghly. After a brief battle with the Nawabs army on February 4, Clive was able to conclude a treaty which saw all British property returned. Concerned about growing British power in Bengal, the Nawab began corresponding with the French. At this same time, the badly outnumbered Clive began making deals with the Nawabs officers to overthrow him. Reaching out to Mir Jafar, Siraj Ud Daulahs military commander, he convinced him to switch sides during the next battle in exchange for the nawabship. On June 23 the two armies met near Palashi. The Nawab opened the battle with an ineffective cannonade which ceased around noon when heavy rains fell on the battlefield. The Company troops covered their cannon and muskets, while the Nawabs and French did not. When the storm cleared, the Clive ordered an attack. With their muskets useless due to wet powder, and with Mir Jafars divisions unwilling to fight, the Nawabs remaining troops were forced to retreat. Aftermath of the Battle of Plassey: Clives army suffered a mere 22 killed and 50 wounded as opposed to over 500 for the Nawab. Following the battle, Clive saw that Mir Jafar was made nawab on June 29. Deposed and lacking support, Siraj-ud-Duala attempted to flee to Patna but was captured and executed by Mir Jafars forces on July 2. The victory at Plassey effectively eliminated French influence in Bengal and saw the British gain control of the region through favorable treaties with Mir Jafar. A pivotal moment in Indian history, Plassey saw the British establish a firm base from which to bring the remainder of the subcontinent under their control. Selected Sources History of War: Battle of PlasseyModern History Sourcebook: Sir Robert Clive: The Battle of Plassey, 1757History of Islam: Battle of Plassey

Criminology Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Criminology - Term Paper Example The paper, on the basis of the relevant researches conducted on the similar topics, views unemployment, poverty and inequality as the basic reasons behind high homicide rate in the island. Domestic violence, lack of tolerance, class discrimination and ethno-racial hatred can also be stated the imperative reasons behind homicide in the region. The study has been conducted in the light of Marxist and Freudian perspectives, which consider class differences and sexual arousal respectively as the major factors behind committing of different crimes. The paper has also made suggestions for the quick and permanent eradication of homicide from the island. Homicide in Puerto Rico Contents Pages Abstract 3 Statement of the Problem 3 Legal Nature of Homicide 4-5 Homicide Subcategories 6-8 Homicide Statistics 8-9 Puerto Rico and Selected Metropolitan Areas Homicide Comparison 9-10 Homicide Contributing Factors 10-11 Recommendations 11 References 12 Abstract Collected in 2003, the national crime s tatistics of Puerto Rico declare homicide as one of the most dominant causes of unnatural deaths in the country. An overwhelming majority of offenders belongs to young males from 25 to 35 years of age in this Caribbean island. Consequently, the country finds the involvement of its youth in killing of the citizens in cold blood. Hence, the statistics alarm the growth of social evils like poverty, unemployment and unequal distribution of wealth and resources in the country, encouraging the desperate youth to adopt the path of destruction and turmoil for the fulfillment of their desires on the one hand, and to take revenge of social injustices and deprivations from their social establishment on the other. Statement of the Problem The researches reveal the very fact that Puerto Rico Island has turned out to be the victim of homicide in the pattern of the mainland USA, as the violence and crime rate witnessed an upward trend from late 1990s onward. Although the crime rate in the region w as lesser than that of New York and Florida even in the initial years of the new millennium, yet the same appears to be touching the dangerous point putting the social, cultural and economic activities into grave jeopardy. The present study aims to present a comparative examination of the upsurge of homicide in the region and New York by exploring the factors paving the way towards the high rate of homicide criminal activity in this unincorporated territory of the USA in order to address the actual problem on the one hand, and combat with the growing violence in the territory on the other. The Legal Nature of Homicide The notion homicide is aptly applied by the social scientists and theorists to identify the illegal murder of individuals. Homicides are those assaults intended to be fatal regardless of outcome plus those assaults that were fatal regardless of intent. (Daly & Wilson, 1988 pp. 13-14) Since homicide is a vast concept in its nature and scope, it encompasses every type of illegal and extra judicial murder, killing and manslaughter at large. Hence, the term homicide is regarded as the most nefarious offence against the very foundations of law and society, as it not only deprives a human of his life, but also leaves the family, friends and companions of the murdered in a perturbing and tormenting state of affairs subsequently. Thus, homicide and the practitioners of the same are paving the way to

Summaries Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Summaries - Assignment Example The sunject matter must have been significant to induce interest and evidence is necessary ti establish credibility into critical thinking because only truth can attract critical thinking. Understanding relationships between historical events and insights into moral judgment over the events are also significant to a critical approach to understanding history. These features therefore facilitate historical thinking and its significance. 3. Challenges facing teachers of history identify another salient feature of the reading and includes need for many sources, framing history in a complex way and dealing with many alternative perspective. The need to overcome the challenge towards historical thinking makes it important. The scope also establishes a base for promoting history should teachers overcome the challenges. 4. The need to differentiate history from the past, as a way to introduce history to students is another salient idea in the reading. Organized nature of history, unlike the past, is likely to capture students’ interest and help them become historical thinkers. The most interesting passage in the reading is the introductory dialogue among Tony, his wife, and his son. Each of the parties holds positions that allows the reader to identify the need for an in-depth understanding of history, not just presented facts. I also believe that the passage develops interest into the reading’s theme of historical thinking. The reading’s title develops a theme of offering an introduction to historical thinking and its illustration and topics achieves this. by completing the reading, the audience develops background information of historical thinking and interest in it. 1. One of the reading’s salient ideas is the peaceful independence process for Canada. The reading explains that the colonial authority voluntarily ceded their authority over Canada to the Natives in a bid to prevent external

Monitoring Our Home Planet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Monitoring Our Home Planet - Essay Example Other short term potential impacts include disruption of transport and communication links, contaminated water supplies, destruction of built landscape; landslides may occur and fires damaging woodland areas. In the long term, earthquakes may result into diseases and displacement of people. There may be loss of human and natural landmarks. We can hence infer that earthquake leads to soil liquefaction, fires, avalanches and landslides, shaking and ground rapture, floods and even tsunami (Coen, 2012). On the other hand, tsunamis have potential impacts on earth too, for example, tsunamis cause mass destruction to the environment and human settlements. Tsunami is also associated with long term effects such as damage and destruction, injury, death loss of millions in dollars, and psychological problems. Although the initial tsunami effects are usually publicized across the world via media, actual effects continue in the affected areas for many years after tsunami strikes (Hyndman & Hyndma n, 2009). Finally the volcanoes, this natural phenomenon is also associated with adverse potential impacts in affected areas. For example, volcanoes destroy buildings, houses, roads, and transport and communication links. Volcanic eruptions are also associated with both short-term and long-term hazards. ... These natural phenomena, earthquake, tsunami, and volcanoes, are often monitored all over the world through the internet and people access information about occurrence of any of them via news media and social sites. For example, volcanoes are monitored through a global inventory of active volcanoes, warning systems of volcanic activity, seismic and eruption information, and progressively forecasting of volcanic activity on longer timescales. Earthquakes are also monitored in a similar manner. Occurrence of earthquakes is recorded by seismometers to great distances; this is because seismic waves travel in the entire interior of the earth. During monitoring, the absolute magnitude of earthquake is reported conventionally by numbers on the scale of moment magnitude, also referred to as Richter scale. A magnitude of 7 is reported and is known to cause serious damage over large regions. On the other hand, the felt magnitude is often monitored and reported using the modified Mercalli inten sity scale and it reports intensities ranging between 2 to 7 (Bendick, 1980). Tsunami is monitored too; in the recent past, seismic activities that cause tsunami has been monitored under the sea and has made it possible to anticipate when tsunamis will occur. There has been warning system developed for reasons of monitoring the occurrence of tsunami recently. Sensors have been put in the oceans in order to detect seismic activity. This monitors any increment in seismic activity which is the major cause of tsunami. The whole monitoring process is automated and can be about two minutes before seismic sensors detect any movement and relays a message via computers which activates an alert system (Wilkers, 1990). Ideally, these

TBA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

TBA - Essay Example In the video, Mrs. Kondo fights to reduce the increasing rudeness among Japanese youth (ABC News: Cultural Differences In Manners Between Japan And The U.S.). During the interview, we see her smiling the whole time of the interview. In addition to we also see the women in her class speak in low tones, which is an indicator of the non-verbal communication skills in the video. 2. In the McDonalds commercial, there is a young shouting, this is a clear indication of the non-verbal codes. The young man shouts while raising his hands up to show excitement. The gesture indicates that there is the use of non-verbal codes in the short video. Mrs. Kondo is shaking her head when she says that there is a decline in manners among the youths in the Japan. She argues that the American culture has a strong influence on the modern Japan culture. Deborah Tannen shakes her head when she says that modern youths are comfortable in using technology. 3. The use of non-verbal gestures and codes in the video plays a major role in the video. The non-verbal messages in the individuals in the video to sensitize their views on the impact f American culture on the Japanese culture. It helps show the emotional state of most of the individuals in the video. The state official indicates to the interviewer that he has finished speaking by nodding his head. It is an indication that regulates the flow of communication between conversations. It provides appropriate feedback to individuals during interviews. Mrs. Kondo feels that the modern youth do not have manners when holding discussions. She insists that they do not have manners. According to her, the Japanese youth does not act the way the society expects them to do. At the beginning of the video, we find Mrs. Kondo teaching the interviewer how to bow in front of people during greetings. The gestures indicate that of politeness in the

Judicial Precedent Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Judicial Precedent - Essay Example It has also helped in the development of the English law, however original precedent are those that apply new rule in decision making. Despite the importance of judicial precedent higher courts can have an effect on it and this occurs when the following occurs: This happen when a court rejects decisions of an earlier case on the bases that there were no sufficient facts to support the decision, in this case therefore judicial precedent is affected. Example is the Balfour V Balfour (1991) case. Binding precedent is that precedent that must be followed, in this type of precedent lower courts must follow and honor decision made by higher courts. This type of precedent is also referred to as mandatory precedent. Example Young V Bristol (1944) case Persuasive precedent is that precedent that is not mandatory but helps in decision making, it is also known as advisory precedent because it helps in decision making; therefore decision will rely on other parallel court decisions example military courts. Example R v Gott (1992) case ant the R v Howe (1987) case Customs can also be viewed a form of precedent whereby decision by a court will be influenced by customs held by a society, these customs are referred to as precedents only is they have been tradition held by a community for a long time. Certainty is presen Advantage and disadvantage of judicial precedent: Advantages: Certainty: Certainty is present in law whereby decision are made in particular way, in the case where the cases were not based on precedent then there would be the occurrence of uncertainty whereby citizen would not clearly know their rights. Growth: Precedent allows the adoption of law and the development of new laws, relying on previous decisions is a clear indication of adoption of new laws into the system making it possible for growth and development in law. Consistent decision: Due to the fact that decisions are based on previous decisions then there is a high possibility of consistence in judgment and decision making, similar cases with similar fact and issues will receive almost similar decisions. Disadvantages: Rigidity: It has a disadvantage in that it is characterized by rigidity, this occurs when binding decision are made even if the decisions are thought to be wrong, the decisions are made with reference to past decision instead of distinguishing them. Slow growth: Judicial precedent may also lead to slow growth and development of law, this is because judges will make decisions on cases depending on previous decisions despite the need to make adjustments in the law system.

Alexander The Great Essay Example for Free

Alexander The Great Essay One of the most popular and secular figure in history is Alexander the Great, who was great military leader and king. As you know he was the son of King Philip II, born in Macedonia (356 BC). His father Philip was a great and energetic ruler of his time. Alexander was taught by Aristotle. He learned philosophy, ethics and politics from him. In very early age he stared showing interest in military and showed his brilliance performance in commanding the Macedonians battles in his teens. He helped won the battle of Chaeronea at 18. THE TIME PERIOD He ascended the throne of his father in 336 BC, after the assassination of his father, and took over Thessaly and Thrace. He greatly expanded the kingdom of Greek and Macedonian. He defeated Persian army in 334 BC at the Granicus River. He was destined to rule Asia after he cut the knot in Phrygia 333 BC. He also defeated Persian King Darius III at the battle of Issus 333 BC. Later he expanded his power to Syria and Phoenicia completely rooting off Persians from their port. One of his greatest military achievement was the conquest of Tyre in 332 after which he overcame Egypt. GEOGRAPHY There he founded Alexandria. Then he took control of East Mediterranean coast and again defeated Darius at Gaugamela. Then he conquered Babylon.   In Persia he formed an empire ruled by both Persians and Macedonians. He also took control of Oxus and Jaxartes rivers and founded more of Alexandria cities. He married Persian princess Roxana. He died at the age of 33 after heavy drinking and buried in Alexandria, Egypt. His conquest extended from Thrace to Egypt and from Greece to Indus Valley and expanded Greek and Macedonian Empire. Under his rule, he conquered almost the entire world of his era and expanded the empire of Macedonia and Greek. CLIMATE OF THE AREA The weather was cloudy and occasionally sunny. RELIGIONS OF THE PEOPLE Alexander thought that he had a divine origin. He believed this because of his mother’s conception that he was born from serpent not Philip. This affected much of the Alexander’s life and at some stage of his life he visited Temple of Ammon in Siwah to consult god and to trace his birth. Just like Hercules birth was traced to Zeus, he considered his origin from serpent, Ammon. He wanted to draw a clear connection between him and Hercules, therefore, the coins he minted bear face of Hercules with great resemblance to Alexander. In this way, he stretched the message of his divine origin through out his conquered world. Alexander was also introduced as proskynesis (the one before him others bow) to proof his divinity. The one who is very superior king and all others are inferior to him and should bow in front of him. After the death of Alexander, his successors started to fight for the domination. His empire was then divided in various small empires, namely Egyptian Empire, Seleucos and Macedonian Empire. Most powerful and strongest among these were Egyptian empire. IMPORTANT PEOPLE OF THE TIME Homer was Alexander’s favorite. He used to sleep with a copy of Iliad under his pillow. He learned a lot from Aristotle. When he was 16, he acted as regent of Macedonia. He then thrashed Thracians and founded a new city Alexandropolis. He also went to the Battle to help Philip and saved his life and army.1 He was first taught by Leonidas, who was very strictly disciplined and instilled in him simpleton and abstinent nature. Then he was taught by Lysimahcus. Lysimachus taught Alexander to play lyre, fine arts, music, poetry and drama. At the age of 13 he was taught by Aristotle. THE POLITICS Alexander ascended the throne after the murder of his father and took hold of the troubled kingdom. Alexander Marched towards Athens and Thebes and towards northern side to take hold of the cities who were threatening to break away from Macedonians after Philip’s death. He subdued Athens and Thebes and repelled northern barbarians. Most of the Alexander’s success was due to political and military strength of Philip. Philip’s large contribution to the Macedonian army and acquisition of alliances with Balkans, strengthened his own kingdom and expansion of their empire in Alexander’s era. Philip ascended to the Macedonian throne in 359 BC. At that time, Macedonia was suffering from a defeat and their political and military power was destroying at the hands of Illyrians.2

Health Promotion Intervention Plan On Cardiovascular Disease

Health Promotion Intervention Plan On Cardiovascular Disease Planning is defined as a step by step movement from the beginning till the end of a programme (Naidoo and Wills, 2009).It was also clearly stated by Tones and Green (2005) as an outline of different parts of a programme and how they are interwoven together. Planning a health promotion programme requires logical approaches that run through different stages before an effective outcome can be established (Naidoo and wills,2009).This involves the use of different kind of planning model. In this circumstance the Ewles and Simnett (2003) planning schema will be made use of to plan this intervention. This is a schedule that encompasses seven key planning actions. They include identifying health need assessment, setting goals and objective, choosing good strategies for the set objectives, sourcing for fund and man power, mapping out evaluation plan ,so as to enhance good performance ,setting an action plan, and lastly implementing the plan (Bartholomew et al.,2006).A top-down approach in executing programme plan will be used in this arena (Laverack,2005).This Top-down programmes approach are usually apprehensive with lifestyle and behavioural fulfillment to specific stipulated norms (Boutilier,1993).This is the reason why the approach will best suite this plan. Background knowledge Cardiovascular disease is an ailment of the heart and the circulatory system. It consists of the coronary heart disease heart attack and angina as well as stroke. The organ that is affected by this disease is part of the toughest muscle in the body, so as to keep blood pumping constant. There are specific arteries for different organs in the body, but the one that supply the heart is called the coronary artery. When this blood vessel is affected it lead to the ailment called the coronary heart disease. This ailment occur when the blood vessel supplying the heart become narrowed by accumulation of fatty substances called atheroma within their walls. A condition called atherosclerosis. This could cause reduction of blood current to the heart due to the tightening of the vessel, which could lead to having an heart attack or myocardial infarction. This . The nature of the health needs assessment Cardiovascular diseases are a worldwide leading cause of death, which causes approximately 17.1 million deaths per year (WHO, 2010). These diseases of the heart are the major cause of death in the United Kingdom which includes the Northern Ireland (Chief Medical Officer, 1999; DHSSPS, 2004, p. 97). In spite of the reduction in the drift in death rate of diseases of the heart and the circulatory system, coronary heart disease still remains the common cause of death in the United Kingdom (British Heart Foundation, 2007). The mortality rate incurred by this ailment every year is roughly 208,000 deaths (British Heart Foundation ,2007).This reflected roughly one in 3 people death per year, which is around 36% of the populace (British Heart Foundation, 2007).The major form of Cardiovascular Disease are coronary heart disease (CHD) ,which account for around 48% of mortality rate and around 28% death rate from stroke. This ailment which could lead to angina, heart attack and heart stoppage is one of the main causes of death in Northern Ireland. It was reported that this ailment causes 1 in 3 deaths in men and 1 in 4 deaths in women and is accountable for approximately 20% of the entire loss in productive years in this part of UK (Chief Medical Officer, 1999). Unal et al. (2004) claimed that a reduction in coronary heart disease (CHD) in the U.K between the 1980s and 1990s was around 58% which account for more than half of the populace. .This reduction was brought by drastic change in the primary threat, which is smoking and the remaining 42% was achieved from the secondary prevention and treatment provided (Unal et al., 2004). McWhirter (2002) claimed that the electoral wards with the top mortality rates in Northern Ireland are also those with the uppermost levels of deficiency. National Heart Forum (2002) pointed out that various citizens have a heritable nature towards coronary heart disease, bu t for huge mass of people the danger of coronary heart disease is basically determined during oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s lifespan by the food being consumed, physical immobility and smoking. National Heart Forum (2002)stated that heart attacks and ill health from coronary heart infection may seem inaccessible to childrenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s lives, but the major risk factor for developing coronary heart disease like (rise in blood cholesterol, high blood pressure, high blood glucose level and smoking) all build up throughout the lifespan, most occurring during childhood and teenage years. Various researches have confirmed that the early signs of coronary heart infection are already obvious in some children and teenagers (DHSSPS, 2004). The growing levels of obesity amongst children and young people mean that they are likely to be at advanced threat of developing coronary heart disease in later life (National Heart Forum, 2002). Cardiovascular disease need to be addressed all over the field from primary prevention in not at risk population that is by considering diet, physical fitness, overweight prevention and smoking in children and young people , which could predispose them to other life threatening diseases that are non-communicable. Therefore cardiovascular disease especially coronary heart disease is a health problem that require drastic intervention. Aims The overall aim of this plan is to educate and increase the level of awareness among university undergraduate students about the risk of having coronary heart disease by using the behavioural and life style approach (Laverack, 2005). Objective Labonte (1998) claimed that nearly all conventional health promotion goals are based on disease prevention, decreasing death rate, morbidity, and behavioural changes. Therefore, the objective of this proposed intervention will focus on school based prevention approach (Laverack , 2005) by creating awareness which will result in healthy way of life from the grassroots by catching them young. The objective is tailored towards a SMART ideology, that is must be Specific, Measurable, Achievable, and Realistic as well as time conscious. The educational objective are as follows To encourage students to dissipate knowledge among their peers of the consequences of getting a coronary heart disease. To increase student awareness of the kind of food that could predispose them to getting the disease. To enlighten students about the kind of lifestyle they need to inculcate to avoid the danger of having the disease. To establish whether student have a prior knowledge about the disease and it consequences. To inform participant about the healthy food that they need to adopt to reduce the risk of being affected by the ailment.

Womens Position in Society in Virginia Woolfs A Room of Ones Own Ess

Women's Position in Society in Virginia Woolf's A Room of One's Own The passage at the end of the Third Chapter in A Room of One’s Own by Virginia Woolf deals with two major themes of this essay. The first being the ways in which women were kept down and made inferior to men, and the second being how this affected women’s writing. Woolf asserts that women were made inferior as a direct result of men’s perceived superiority. This assertment provides a new way of thinking about women’s lower position in society and the subsequent low opinion men held of women and their capabilties as writers. Woolf firmly believes that it is the prerogative of all writers to pay great heed to what is thought of them and to suffer when that opinion is negative. Because the opinion of women’s writing was negative, women could not write freely. Their minds, Woolf believes, were clouded with agendas. They had something to prove or a grudge to vindicate. This is not the ideal situation for writing, or the proper environment for gen ius. Therefore, through her revolutionary way of examining women’s position in society, Woolf proves that the â€Å"masculine complex† and low expectations of women impeded upon their writing process. One major theme this essay illuminates is that of what subordinated women and how that inferiority was maintained. Woolf states, â€Å"Even in the nineteenth century a woman was not encouraged to be an artist† (55). In fact she was discouraged and made to believe such a vocation was beyond her capabilities. Here Woolf turns the issue around showing that women did not consciously choose not to become writers, but were prodded not to write by men. Woolf speculates about the affects of this discouragement saying... ...ganized the traditional way of examining women’s position in society and it’s affect on their art. Her concept of the â€Å"masculine complex† approaches gender relations from a totally different angle. It is male superiority not female inferiority, which perpetuates this system. Men’s dominance is strong and their resistance to the women’s movement was so effective that even strong willed women were humbled. Women were further hindered by the prevailing male sentiment that they were incompetent writers. This naturally fired women’s incentive to prove their capabilities, because all artists are concerned about what others think of them. Yet, this very situation inhibits creativity and continued to prevent women from reaching their full potential. This new line of thinking explains and reexamines the forces that held women down and separated them from their genius.

The Caretaker by Pinter Essay -- essays research papers

The Caretaker by Pinter: A Play Can Be Confrontational, Challenging and Disturbing to the Values and Assumptions of An Audience. Discuss With close Reference The Caretaker, written by the British playwright Harold Pinter in the late 1950's and early 1960's disrupts the audiences perceptions of existence and their understandings of it. The play deconstructs perceived notions and conceptions of reality, and disturbs the audiences perception of their own identity and place within a world which is primarily concerned with the search and need for identity. Pinter was clearly influenced by the fashionable philosophic review of human condition that was prominent in the 1950's and 1960's – existentialism. The play attacks the notion that there are no absolute truths or realities. Pinter is therefore concerned with what exists as unknown and intangible to humanity. His theatre interrogates the truth of nature and realities of language and demonstrates that much of what the audience regards as fact is fiction as he explores the uncertainty of human existence. When an audience of the 1960's went to the theatre, it can generally be assumed that they had preconceived ideas about what they expected and what they are going to gain from the theatrical experience. The traditional attitudes towards theatre and the conventions of realist drama are disrupted by Pinter. This confronts the assumptions and values of the audience, an experience which would be disconcerting and frightening to many. Pinter divorces and exposes society's codes, institutions and human relations. Throughout the play the audience is rarely comfortable. This disruption is established from the outset of the play when Mick, a character who at this stage of the play the audience knows nothing about, sits on the bed and stares at the audience in silence for ‘30 seconds'. Traditionally in realist drama such as Henrik Ibsen's Hedda Gabler characters use simple exposition through language and non-verbal elements to ‘let the audience in' and enlighten them on what is happening on the stage and the results and reasons for and behind actions. Pinter disrupts this tradition and this in itself would have been a disturbing phenomena to the conservative audiences of post-war Britain. Mick's arrival on stage generates unease within the audience and the tension would only increase as Pinter provides the audience with... ...entity and the structure of society. This deferral of action is primarily indicated by Davies and Aston. The prime example of this is in Davies constant references to his planned trip to Sidcup and in Aston's references to the shed that he is planning to build. Through the representation of these possible future activities, it appears that it gives purpose to their current actions and to some extent a reason for living. It allows these characters to suggest that they are in fact worthwhile human beings with a purpose and a ‘life'. Pinter suggests through this deferral of actions that people's lives hold no worthwhile meaning and ultimately there is nothing gained at the point of death. The Caretaker is a subversive play that demythologises many of an audiences assumptions and values. Pinter makes the audience experience paranoia and feelings of menace and by disrupting conventions of social behaviour and ignoring traditional dramatic ‘realist' protocol, Pinter confronts and challenges the values and assumptions of an audience. He successfully deconstructs notions of power and security, and problematises the conservative belief that there are in fact absolute truths and realities.

Budget Management Analysis Essay

Cost variance is a way of showing the financial performance of a project. It is the mathematical difference between budgeted cost of work performed, and the actual cost of work performed. Both budgeting and forecasting are financial projections. Looking at the differences between forecasting and budgeting, forecasting is broad in scope and part of strategic planning whereas a budget is more specific and detailed, with expenditure heads specifically matched to sources of income. Cost variances may be either positive or negative figures. Negative figures happen if you spend more on a project than you allowed in your budget. Positive figures result if you spend less on a project than the budget predicted. Negative cost variance figures are almost always a bad thing for a business, as companies cannot always guarantee they can come up with the funds to cover the excess cost. However, positive cost variances are not always good for a company, either. For instance, if customer service or good quality parts are sacrificed for a positive variance, a business may not sell lose clients. Cost variance figures must be examined in the context of the business to determine the true impact those numbers will have. Managers use budget management analysis as a device to make sure that all resources available are being used efficiently. The budgets are determined yearly and are based upon the previous year’s budget and variances. Benchmarking gathers information of the performances and processes from similar organizations and compares the data to help with making improvements. Cost Variance in Budget Management Various strategies are used to control budgets; managers and the chief financial officer of most healthcare organizations have the tools needed to manage the budget. By managing the budget the organization will be better prepared for the financial forecasts, which are the company’s future expenses. Some strategies and tools that will assist with managing the budget are zero based, activity based, performance based, cost variances and benchmarking. Zero based budgeting analyzes every expense within an organization and justifies the need and cost of each. Activity based costing is the gathering of the operating cost data, which is assigned to specific activities such as engineering. The performance dashboard uses the metrics of performance and analyzes the root cause of financial problems. Cost variance analysis looks at the differences of the actual cost and expected cost of an expense. Motivating the staff and informing them of the budget goals is another strategy that may be used to help the organization succeed (Nayab, 2011). Expense Results The expense reports show the difference between the budget and the actual amount spent and the result is called the variance. Variances may be within the budget which is favorable, or over the budget which is unfavorable. The variance is used to predict the budget for upcoming years, help with spending during the current year, and help with evaluating the managers and their departments. To determine the cause of variances the managers must investigate and justify to upper management why the variance occurred. There are a variety reasons for variances, which must be identified and controlled if possible. While analyzing the nursing expense results from various units for a pay period, there were some favorable and unfavorable variances. While reviewing the expense record the paid productive hour’s variance was within the budget and the paid nonproductive hour’s variance was 60 hours over the budgeted hours. The unfavorable variance of paid nonproductive hours may have occurred due to some staff being on modified duty, sick leave, meeting time, or education time, which means they are getting paid with no patient care involved. The overtime percentage of hour’s variance was 7. 5% over the budget and the registry percentage of hour’s variance was 8. 0% over the budget, both are unfavorable. The overtime may have been caused by bad time management, late arrival of the next shift, or working past shift hours due to not enough staff. The increase in the registry hours may have been due to not enough regular staff due to hiring freeze or staff being off for personal or illness reasons. The hours per patient day (HPPD) licensed productive hours was . 13 over budget, the direct product hours was within budget, and the total productive hours was within budget. The hours per patient day over budget may have been caused by the unit being over staffed or also due to the overtime and registry hours. The average daily census (ADC) per unit varied from being within budget to 7. 50 over the budget. The daily census is very unpredictable and depends on the time of year, the admissions from ER or the clinic, and transfers from other hospitals or facilities. Strategies to keep the results aligned with expectations may be done by performance budgeting, which will analyze key areas such as staffing, cost control, increased productivity, and indirect and direct patient care. The activities affected by analyzing these performance areas would be daily staffing calculations, reduced cost to the unit, working more efficiently and better time management, patient care planning, and time spent on patient charting. Offering incentives could also be a good way to involve the staff by informing them of the budget goals. Benchmarking Benchmarking helps to identify performance gaps and identify where improvement is needed. â€Å"Benchmarking is used by large health systems and smaller practices alike as a tool to identify targets and set goals enabling staff to compare the operation’s service, process, and outcomes with those already attaining †best practice† goals† (Borglum, 2008). There are many benchmarking techniques; for the purpose of this paper three will be discussed, financial, performance, and operational. Financial benchmarking is performing a financial analysis and comparing the results in an effort to assess your overall competitiveness and productivity† (Cimasi, 2006). â€Å"[Financial benchmarking is among the more effective techniques for extracting information from a health care enterprise’s historical operating performance and presenting it in a form that facilitates informed judgments that help predict the subject entity’s future operating performance and financial condition]† (Cimasi, 2006). Performance benchmarking involves comparing the performance levels of organizations for a specific process, this information can then be used for identifying opportunities for improvement and/or setting performance targets† (Business Performance Improvement Resources, 2011). â€Å"Performance levels of other organizations are normally called benchmarks and the ideal benchmark is one that originates from an organization recognized as being a leader in the related area† (Business Performance Improvement Resources, 2011). [Performance benchmarking may involve the comparison of financial measures (such as expenditure, cost of labor, cost of buildings/equipment, cost of energy, adherence to budget, cash flow, revenue collected) or non-financial measures (such as absenteeism, staff turnover, the percentage of administrative staff to front-line staff, budget processing time, complaints, environmental impact or call center performance)]† (Business Performance Improvement R esources, 2011). Operational benchmarking embraces everything from staffing and productivity to office flow and analysis of procedures performed, this technique performs a comprehensive assessment considering different aspects of operational and business performance† (iCognitive, 2011). â€Å"Consequently, this model will help companies to improve from decision-making at the strategic level to implementations at the operational level† (iCognitive, 2011). These benchmarking choices were made based on the fact that all three techniques together will focus on the organization as a whole and not just one area, and might improve budget accuracy in future forecast. Covering finances, operation, and performance will incorporate every aspect of the budgets involved in the organization and give mangers the appropriate tools needed to justify and correct variances throughout the year and future years. Conclusion Strategies to manage budgets are used to maintain the actual cost predicted for budgets and to correct variances in cost. Variances may occur at any time, may be internal or external, and in most cases are correctable once investigated by the mangers. Benchmarking is used in strategic management and compares processes and performance to help improve organizations. The use of financial ratios and benchmarking is critical to understanding an entity’s overall historical performance and to the forecasting function of valuation analysis† (Cimasi, 2006). This paper has discussed specific strategies to manage budgets within forecast, compared five to seven expense results with budget expectations, described possible reasons for variances, gave strategies to keep results aligned with expectations, recommended three benchmarking techniques, and identified what might improve budget accuracy, and justified the choices made.